Artificial Neural Networks ( Ann ) - 2161 Words

CHAPTER 5 Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) 5.1 Machine Learning In machine learning, systems are trained to infer patterns from observational data. A particularly simple type of pattern, a mapping between input and output, can be learnt through a process called supervised learning. A supervised-learning system is given training data consisting of example inputs and the corresponding outputs, and comes up with a model to explain those data (a process called function approximation). It does this by choosing from a class of model specified by the system’s designer. [Nature. ANN 4] 5.1.1 Machine Learning Applied to the Air Engine The rapid growth of data sets means that machine learning can now use complex model classes and tackle highly non-trivial inference problems. Such problems are usually characterized by several factors: The data are multi-dimensional; the underlying pattern is complex (for instance, it might be nonlinear or changeable); and the designer has only weak prior knowledge about the problem in particular, a mechanistic understanding is lacking. [Nature, ANN 4] 5.2 Overview of ANN Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are a branch of the field known as Artificial Intelligence (AI) which may also consists of Fuzzy logic (FL) and Genetic Algorithms (GA). ANN are based on the basic model of the human brain with capability of generalization and learning. The purpose of this simulation to the simple model of human neural cell is to acquire the intelligentShow MoreRelatedArtificial Neural Networks ( Anns )1749 Words   |  7 Pages Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are computational algorithms loosely based on the human biological nervous system which work to model statistical data. An ANN â€Å"consists of processing elements known as neurons that are interconnected to each other and work in unison to answer a particular problem [, and] can be used in places where detecting trends and extracting patterns are too complex to be detected by either humans or other computer techniques.† Although recent in their explosion in popularityRead MoreArtificial Neural Networks : An Example Of Machine Learning920 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1958 Psychologist Frank Rosenblatt invented the first artificial neural network. He called it Perceptron and hoped it would model the human brain and process visual data and learn to recognize objects. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are expected to grow within the next few years. An artificial neural network is composed of interconnected artificial neurons that mimic some properti es of biological neurons. ANNs work like simulated brains. They are given software and be set up in a way that mimicsRead MoreStock Market Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks And Regression Analysis871 Words   |  4 Pages Stock Market Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks and Regression Analysis Tyler T. Procko Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University TO: Professor Michael Perez, M.A., M.F.A. FROM: Tyler T. Procko DATE: 10/03/2016 SUBJECT: Analytical Report Proposal I. Purpose / Background / Audience: Relatively accurate prediction of multi-tiered, non-linear events has long been a difficult and time-consuming task to perform; forecasting the movement ofRead MoreAnalyzing The Field Of Big Data954 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Paper: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Authors: Khushboo Arora, Shrutika Suri , Divya Arora and Vaishali Pandey Published online: 30 April 2014 Purpose: As mentioned in the abstract, It is difficult to find patterns in massive amount of unstructured data. Thereby, this paper addresses an important technique called Artificial Neural Networks which is being used a lot these days in field of machine learning, Artificial intelligence etc. The goal of Artificial neural networks is to find patternsRead MoreOptical Character Recognition Is Becoming Popular Areas Of Research Under Pattern Recognition And Smart Device Applications1212 Words   |  5 PagesProject Title:OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS Abstract: The Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is becoming popular areas of research under pattern recognition and smart device applications. It requires the intelligence like human brain to recognize the various handwritten characters. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used together the information required to recognize the characters adaptively. This paper presents a performance analysis of character recognitionRead MoreAn Effective Machine Learning Model1164 Words   |  5 Pagesestimating the class and location of objects contained within the images. With the improvements in object representations and machine learning models, it is possible to achieve much advancement in Object Recognition. For the last few years, Deep Neural Network has proven to be an effective machine learning model. DNNs have a varied approach to classification problems. They consist of deep architectures which makes it possible to understand more complex models than shallow ones. With this ability andRead MoreThe Deregulation Of The Electrical Power Industry1682 Words   |  7 Pagesperformance analysis of various neural networks (NN) for short term price forecasting. Several NN models are trained and tested on the half-hourly data from Australian Energy Market and their performances have been compared. Overall findings suggest that the value of mean absolute percentage Error (MAPE) in the case of 3-Layered cascaded neural network (CNN) is better than other proposed models. Keywords— Short term price forecasting, Cascaded Neural Network, Recurrent neural network, Australian energy marketRead MoreRole Of Artificial Intelligence On Mechanical Design Systems1752 Words   |  8 PagesRole of Artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Design Systems Sagar Sarkar Student, B-Tech Mechanical and Automation Engineering Sagarsarkar043@gmail.com Introduction Artificial Intelligence is a type of Intelligence developed by machines, robots or software in order to take decisions on its own .Artificial intelligence has many goals such as reasoning ,natural language processing ,planning, Knowledge ,learning ,speech recognition, handwriting recognition etc . Basically it has the goals such asRead MoreEssay about Breast Cancer Diagnosis Methods Analysis2614 Words   |  11 Pagespatient. This paper studies various techniques used for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Different methods are explored for their merits and de-merits for the diagnosis of breast lesion. It was found that the recent use of the combination of Artificial Neural Networks in most of the instances give accurate results for the diagnosis of breast cancer and their use can also be extended to other diseases. I. INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the second leading cause of deaths in women worldwide [1-4], theRead MoreTime Series Forecasting And Neural Networks1097 Words   |  5 Pagesaccuracy of time series forecasting. In this paper, I have focused on one method i.e. Neural Networks. In the first section of the report, I will give brief introduction on time series forecasting and neural networks. In the next part, I will explain this neural method which is used for forecasting in the literature review. At last, I will conclude the paper. Moreover, the main aim of this paper is to define the neural network method among the different methods in the time series forecasting. Introduction

Should Animals Be Used in Medical Research Free Essays

Should animals be used in medical research? The use of animals in laboratory research is a very well known debate. Many people wonder if the animals are treated well and if they are taken care of properly; however, if medical and scientifical experimentation were done in only human trials the knowledge and understanding of how drugs and procedures can affect human would be decades behind. That is why the use of animals in experimentation is a necessity in order to continue advancing medicine and science. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Animals Be Used in Medical Research? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Animals have a high reproductive rate and are easy to breed. Animals have the same organs and tissues as humans do making them a good match. Animals that are used in experimentation are generally small and are easy to keep and feed. It is the best way to learn the effects of substances in a living body because animals are very easy to breed and yield a high amount of offspring. A higher number of offspring allows for a greater number of experiments or trials to be performed at a time. The greater the number of trials that can be performed will increase the data that can be collected to increase the accuracy of the trial. If a drug was tested on humans and the first two people to take the drug died, chances are the drug would be discontinued and research shut down, even if the deaths were only coincidence. By having a big sample size of animals that can test the effects to see how fatal the drug is and determine how it can be improved. Even if many experiments have expected results the effects of a drug could be wide spread. This is why using animals as a match for humans is advantageous because it allow scientists to observe the effects on living tissue under controlled circumstances in many subjects, and collect appropriate data so the margin of error can be made as small as possible. The ability to see the consequences of drugs on animals its success rate because it avoids death of many people who could be used as subject. Without using animals in research labs, our progression with medicine and medical sciences would slow down dramatically. Every day new medicines and practices are coming out that, without the help of animals, would never make it to us. They might make it to us, but only after blindly testing on random human volunteers that could possibly die just as easily from the testing as a rat would if used in the humans place To sump, I would say that many of the medications and procedures that we currently use today wouldn’t exist and the development of future treatments would be extremely limited. Animal testing is the right way to test products. Animals have the right to live their own life; and we are not allowed to mess around with them just because we can. How to cite Should Animals Be Used in Medical Research?, Essays

Family Development Theory Essay Example For Students

Family Development Theory Essay Family Development Theory (including family life cycle) (Pg. 73 – 80 in the textbook) Definitions of key terms ?Family of orientation: The family that you are born into; the family of origin. ?Family of procreation: The family they may help to found, i. e. the after marriage family. ?Developmental tasks: Adjustments that people need to make in order to cope with the changes in the family life cycle as well with changes in their own life cycle. ?Dysfunctional: The ineffective families that is unable to deal with its problems and require outside help. ?Stressor: An event that creates stress within the family. Summary Notes ?Just as a human being grows and goes through the sequence of stages, families also follow a series of developmental stages. ?The six stages of family life cycle are; 1. Between families (the young single adult). 2. The newly married couple. 3. The family with young children. 4. The family with adolescents. 5. Launching. 6. The family in later life. ?Moving from one stage to the other, family experiences a degree of stress and a period to adjust into the new stage. ?Changes in behavior by the family members occur to accommodate the change that has taken place. Unexpected changes such as divorce, an accident, a death, or the loss of a job can create great stress on family members and can cause severe alterations in their behavior. ?The ability to cope with hardships depends on the family structure and its personality. The elasticity of the family and the manner in which problems are usually solved in the family will help to determine how well the family deals with these hardships. ?Healthy and effective families are those who have strong and open communication with each other. They tend to share their burdens with the family. They are able to deal with family problems and continue to function. ?Family problem solving is the ability to deal with its problems so that the family continues to function and meet the needs of its members. ?A multicultural society, with its inclusion of many cultural groups, also give rise to differing family attitudes and behaviors that many at times lead to stress within a family. ?Stages of the developmental task are; 1. Perceiving a new, more mature way of behaving, either from the expectations of others or by observing suitable role of models. 2. Forming a revised self-concept in keeping with the more mature behavior. 3. Coping with the conflicting demands that will be involved in behavior modification. 4. Being motivated to complete the developmental task. ?A developmental task may be as something which has to be accomplished at a certain time, if its not done difficulties may arise in the future. ?Sometimes tasks of individual family members and family units are equally compatible. But there maybe occasions when life cycle and family tasks may not be compatible, and this situation could cause stress within the family unit.